Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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These values
were obtained as the mass of a bar of metal: 8.83 g; 8.84 g; 8.82 g. The known mass is 10.68 g. The
values are a. | precise. | c. | neither accurate nor
precise. | b. | both accurate and precise. | d. | accurate. | | | | |
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2.
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In a game of
horseshoes, one horseshoe lands on the post. Four horseshoes land nowhere near the post. The one
horseshoe on the post was thrown a. | accurately. | c. | both accurately and precisely. | b. | precisely. | d. | neither accurately nor
precisely. | | | | |
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3.
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According to
the scientific method, how should conclusions be stated? a. | in a form that can be
evaluated by others | b. | so that no one can refute the conclusion | c. | so that it is
completely correct, with no mistakes | d. | so that it works with only one set of data | | |
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4.
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Which of the
following is an area of physics that studies heat and temperature? a. | thermodynamics | c. | optics | b. | mechanics | d. | quantum mechanics | | | | |
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5.
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According to
the scientific method, how does a physicist formulate and objectively test
hypotheses? a. | by interpreting
graphs | c. | by
experiments | b. | by stating conclusions | d. | by defending an opinion | | | | |
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6.
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Why do
physicists use models? a. | to describe all of reality | b. | to explain the basic
features of complex phenomena | c. | to explain the complex features of simple
phenomena | d. | to describe all aspects of a phenomenon | | |
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7.
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The symbol
mm represents a a. | megameter. | c. | millimeter. | b. | micrometer. | d. | manometer. | | | | |
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8.
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The SI base
unit for time is a. | 1
hour. | c. | 1
second. | b. | 1 minute. | d. | 1 day. | | | | |
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9.
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The Greek
letter sigma, S, indicates a(n) a. | direct proportion. | c. | sum or total. | b. | inverse
proportion | d. | difference or
change. | | | | |
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10.
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Which
statement about models is NOT correct? a. | Models manipulate a single variable or factor in an
experiment. | b. | Models help guide experimental design. | c. | Models describe only
part of reality. | d. | Models help build hypotheses. | | |
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11.
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What is the
symbol for a time interval?
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12.
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Five darts
strike near the center of a target. The dart thrower is a. | accurate. | c. | both accurate and
precise. | b. | precise. | d. | neither accurate nor precise. | | | | |
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13.
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Listening to
your favorite radio station involves which area of physics? a. | vibrations and wave
phenomena | c. | relativity | b. | thermodynamics | d. | optics | | | | |
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14.
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In the steps
of the scientific method, what is the next step after formulating and objectively testing
hypotheses? a. | interpreting
results | b. | stating conclusions | c. | making observations and
collecting data | d. | conducting experiments | | |
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15.
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Calculate
the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant
figures: 10.5 ´ 8.8 ´ 3.14 a. | 290.136 | c. | 2.9 ´ 102 | b. | 290 | d. | 290.1 | | | | |
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16.
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What two
dimensions, in addition to mass, are commonly used by physicists to derive additional
measurements? a. | length and
time | c. | area and
mass | b. | length and
width | d. | velocity and
time | | | | |
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17.
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The Greek
letter delta, D, indicates a(n) a. | difference or change. | c. | sum or total. | b. | direct
proportion. | d. | inverse
proportion. | | | | |
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18.
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Estimate the
order of magnitude of your age, measured in units of months. a. | 10–1
months | c. | 102
months | b. | 101 month | d. | 103 months | | | | |
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19.
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A hiker uses
a compass to navigate through the woods. Identify the area of physics that this
involves. a. | thermodynamics | c. | relativity | b. | electromagnetism | d. | quantum mechanics | | | | |
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20.
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Which of the
following is an area of physics that studies motion and its causes? a. | mechanics | c. | thermodynamics | b. | quantum mechanics | d. | optics | | | | |
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21.
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According to
the scientific method, why does a physicist make observations and collect data? a. | to solve all
problems | b. | to ask a question | c. | to make a
conclusion | d. | to decide which parts of a problem are
important | | |
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22.
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If some
measurements agree closely with each other but differ widely from the actual value, these
measurements are a. | accurate but not
precise. | b. | precise but not accurate. | c. | acceptable as a new
standard of accuracy. | d. | neither precise nor accurate. | | |
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23.
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What is the
symbol for mass?
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24.
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Calculate
the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant
figures: (0.82 + 0.042 ) ´ (4.4 ´ 103) a. | 3784 | c. | 3.78 ´ 103 | b. | 3.8 ´ 103 | d. | 3.784 ´
103 | | | | |
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25.
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The most
appropriate SI unit for measuring the length of an automobile is the a. | meter. | c. | millimeter. | b. | centimeter. | d. | kilometer. | | | | |
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26.
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What are the
basic SI units? a. | feet, pounds,
seconds | c. | feet, kilograms,
seconds | b. | meters, kilograms, hours | d. | meters, kilograms, seconds | | | | |
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27.
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A baker
makes a loaf of bread. Identify the area of physics that this involves. a. | thermodynamics | c. | relativity | b. | optics | d. | mechanics | | | | |
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28.
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Poor
precision in scientific measurements may arise from a. | significant
figures. | b. | both significant figures and scientific
notation. | c. | scientific notation. | d. | human
error. | | |
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29.
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Calculate
the following, and express the answer in scientific notation with the correct number of significant
figures: 21.4 + 15 + 17.17 + 4.003 a. | 58 | c. | 57.57 | b. | 57.573 | d. | 57.6 | | | | |
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30.
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The time
required to make a trip of 100.0 km is measured at various speeds. From the graph above, what speed
will allow the trip to be made in 2 hours? a. | 20.0 km/h | c. | 50.0 km/h | b. | 40.0 km/h | d. | 90.0 km/h | | | | |
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31.
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Estimate the
order of magnitude of the length of a football field. a. | 102
m | c. | 10–1
m | b. | 104
m | d. | 106
m | | | | |
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32.
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Diagrams are
NOT designed to a. | show setups of
experiments. | c. | measure an event or
situation. | b. | show relationships between concepts. | d. | label parts of a model. | | | | |
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33.
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The SI base
unit used to measure mass is the a. | kilogram. | c. | meter. | b. | liter. | d. | second. | | | | |
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34.
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The symbols
for units of length in order from smallest to largest are a. | km, mm, cm, and
m. | c. | mm, cm, m, and
km. | b. | mm, m, cm, and
km. | d. | m, cm, mm, and
km. | | | | |
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Short Answer
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Speedometer reading (km/h) | Time for 100 km trip (h) | 20.0 | 5.00 | 30.0 | 3.33 | 40.0 | 2.50 | 50.0 | 2.00 | 60.0 | 1.67 | 70.0 | 1.43 | 80.0 | 1.25 | 90.0 | 1.11 | 100.0 | 1.00 | | |
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35.
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Using the
table above, construct a graph of the time required to make a trip of 100 km measured at various
speeds.
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36.
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List the
steps of the scientific method.
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37.
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Distinguish
between precision and accuracy.
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