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Ch 10 Heat


Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
A substance’s temperature increases as a direct result of
a.
energy being removed from the particles of the substance.
b.
kinetic energy being added to the particles of the substance.
c.
a change in the number of atoms and molecules in a substance.
d.
a decrease in the volume of the substance.
 

 2. 
What happens to the internal energy of an ideal gas when it is heated from 0°C to 4°C?
a.
It increases.
c.
It remains constant.
b.
It decreases.
d.
It is impossible to determine.
 

 3. 
Which of the following is proportional to the kinetic energy of atoms and molecules?
a.
elastic energy
c.
potential energy
b.
temperature
d.
thermal equilibrium
 

 4. 
Which of the following best describes the relationship between two systems in thermal equilibrium?
a.
No net energy is exchanged.
c.
The masses are equal.
b.
The volumes are equal.
d.
The velocity is zero.
 

 5. 
What is the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium with another system made up of water and steam at 1 atm of pressure?
a.
0°F
c.
0 K
b.
273 K
d.
100°C
 

 6. 
What is the temperature of a system in thermal equilibrium with another system made up of ice and water at 1 atm of pressure?
a.
0°F
c.
0 K
b.
273 K
d.
100°C
 

 7. 
Heat flow occurs between two bodies in thermal contact when they differ in which of the following properties?
a.
mass
c.
density
b.
specific heat
d.
temperature
 

 8. 
If two small beakers of water, one at 70°C and one at 80°C, are emptied into a large beaker, what is the final temperature of the water?
a.
less than 70°C
c.
between 70°C and 80°C
b.
greater than 80°C
d.
The water temperature will fluctuate.
 

 9. 
All of the following are widely used temperature scales EXCEPT
a.
Kelvin.
c.
Celsius.
b.
Fahrenheit.
d.
Joule.
 

 10. 
If 546 K equals 273°C, then 500 K equals
a.
227°C.
c.
773°C.
b.
250°C.
d.
1000°C.
 

 11. 
A substance registers a temperature change from 20°C to 40°C. This corresponds to an incremental change of
a.
20°F.
c.
36°F.
b.
40°F.
d.
313°F.
 

 12. 
A substance registers a temperature change from 20°C to 40°C. This corresponds to an incremental change of
a.
20 K.
c.
36 K.
b.
40 K.
d.
313 K.
 

 13. 
Which of the following is the equivalent of 88°F?
a.
31°C
c.
56°C
b.
49°C
d.
160°C
 

 14. 
What temperature has the same numerical value on both the Celsius and the Fahrenheit scales?
a.
–40°
c.
40°
b.
0°
d.
–72°
 

 15. 
The average normal body temperature for human beings is 98.6°F. This corresponds to which of the following in degrees Kelvin?
a.
296 K
c.
393 K
b.
310 K
d.
273 K
 

 16. 
If energy is transferred from a table to a block of ice moving across the table, which of the following statements is true?
a.
The table and the ice are at thermal equilibrium.
b.
The ice is cooler than the table.
c.
The ice is no longer 0°C.
d.
Energy is being transferred from the ice to the table.
 

 17. 
Why does sandpaper get hot when it is rubbed against rusty metal?
a.
Energy is transferred from the sandpaper into the metal.
b.
Energy is transferred from the metal to the sandpaper.
c.
Friction is creating the heat.
d.
Energy is transferred from a hand to the sandpaper.
 

 18. 
Energy transferred as heat always moves from an object
a.
at high temperature to an object at low temperature.
b.
at low temperature to an object at high temperature.
c.
at low kinetic energy to an object at high kinetic energy.
d.
of higher mass to an object of lower mass.
 

 19. 
Which of the following terms describes a transfer of energy?
a.
heat
c.
temperature
b.
internal energy
d.
kinetic energy
 

 20. 
If there is no temperature difference between a substance and its surroundings, what has occurred on the microscopic level?
a.
Energy was transferred from higher-energy particles to lower-energy particles.
b.
Energy was transferred from lower-energy particles to higher-energy particles.
c.
Thermal equilibrium was not reached.
d.
Heat has been flowing back and forth.
 

 21. 
High temperature is related to
a.
low kinetic energy.
c.
no difference in kinetic energy.
b.
high kinetic energy.
d.
zero net energy.
 

 22. 
What is the temperature increase of 4.0 kg of water when it is heated by an 8.0 ´ 102 W immersion heater for exactly 10.0 min? (cp = 4186 J/kg·°C)
a.
57°C
c.
29°C
b.
51°C
d.
14°C
 

 23. 
Which of two rods has the greatest thermal conductivity?
a.
a rod with electrons that are freer to move from atom to atom than are the electrons another rod
b.
a rod with greater specific heat than another rod
c.
a rod with greater cross-sectional area than another rod
d.
a rod with greater length than another rod
 

 24. 
Find the final equilibrium temperature when 10.0 g of milk at 10.0°C is added to 1.60 ´ 102 g of coffee with a temperature of 90.0°C. Assume the specific heats of coffee and milk are the same as for water (cw = 4.19 J/g·°C), and disregard the heat capacity of the container.
a.
85.3°C
c.
71.4°C
b.
77.7°C
d.
66.7°C
 

 25. 
A slice of bread contains about 4.19 ´ 105 J of energy. If the specific heat of a person is 4.19 ´ 103 J/kg·°C, by how many degrees Celsius would the temperature of a 70.0 kg person increase if all the energy in the bread were converted to heat?
a.
2.25°C
c.
1.43°C
b.
1.86°C
d.
1.00°C
 

 26. 
At what point on the figure above is the amount of energy transferred as heat approximately 4.19 ´ 103 J?
a.
A
c.
C
b.
B
d.
D
 

 27. 
At what point on the figure above does the substance undergo a phase change?
a.
A
c.
C
b.
B
d.
E
 

 28. 
Which of the following is a substance in which the temperature and pressure remain constant while the substance experiences an inward transfer of energy?
a.
gas
c.
solid
b.
liquid
d.
substance undergoing a change of state
 

 29. 
The use of fiberglass insulation in the outer walls of a building is intended to minimize heat transfer through what process?
a.
conduction
c.
convection
b.
radiation
d.
vaporization
 

 30. 
On a sunny day at the beach, the reason the sand gets hot and the water stays relatively cool is attributed to the difference in which property between water and sand?
a.
mass density
c.
temperature
b.
specific heat
d.
thermal conductivity
 

Short Answer
 
 
ch10heat_files/i0330000.jpg
 

 31. 
Describe how temperature is related to the kinetic energy of the molecules of the gas in the figure above.
 

 32. 
Do "heat" and "cold" flow between objects? Explain.
 

 33. 
On the microscopic level, explain the concept of heat transfer when a hand is placed in water that is 113°F.
 

 34. 
In the figure above, what happens to the ice at 0°C?
 

 35. 
What is a phase change?
 

 36. 
What is hypothermia?
 

 37. 
Why is air an effective thermal insulator for the body?
 

 38. 
Why would covering most of the body keep a person cool in the desert?
 



 
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